GMAS 8th Grade Social Studies Practice Test

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• The Trail of Tears refers to the forced removal of the Cherokee to present-day Oklahoma during 1838-1839, causing thousands of deaths. Which option best describes this event?
• Emancipation refers to which of the following in a historical context?
• Which branch of government makes laws?
• What term means money that is borrowed and must be paid back?
• Which term describes a person who vigorously supports their country and is prepared to defend it?
• Which amendment granted citizenship and equal protection under the law to formerly enslaved people?
• What term describes garden cultivation that was important to the Mississippian culture?
• Which document is described as a three-part text that states natural rights, lists grievances against King George, and proclaims independence from England?
• Which term refers to the rights and freedoms protected in a constitution?
• What does Bicameral mean?
• Among the regions listed, which is the largest geographic region?
• Which culture is described as the last major prehistoric Native American culture in Georgia, known for large-scale farming and mound builders and extensive trade?
• Which term refers to the combined houses of Georgia's legislature?
• Which major war primarily between European powers, with the United States entering in 1917?
• What term is a clause creating an exemption based on circumstances previously existing?
• Which plan is commonly known as Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan and advocated leniency for quickly readmitting Southern states?
• Which term describes a person chosen to speak on behalf of a larger group?
• What is the key difference between sharecropping and tenant farming?
• Savings is best described as money that is:
• Which meeting in Philadelphia from May to September 1787 revised the Articles of Confederation?
• Which document declared that enslaved people in the rebellious states would be freed if the South did not return to the Union by January 1, 1863?
• Doctrine that a state can refuse to recognize a federal law
• Among the listed regions, which is the smallest by geographic size?
• What does the term campaign most accurately describe in military terms?
• What term describes the incoming or spread of something usually hurtful?
• Which term refers to money the government collects from activities other than taxation, such as licenses?
• Which secret organization used violence and intimidation to oppose Reconstruction and African American political participation?
• What document formally established the colony of Georgia and outlined the reasons for Georgia's founding and the regulations set by the trustees?
• Which term describes the design, development, production, operation, and use of aircraft?
• Which term denotes the group of Southern states that seceded from the United States?
• Which term is the introductory portion of the Declaration of Independence?
• One of three reasons for Georgia's founding; colony was to serve as a defensive buffer between Spanish Florida and the successful English colony of South Carolina.
• Which term describes funds that come from taxes?
• Which document outlines the framework of the U.S. Government, including its three branches and their powers?
• What is the term for certifying an educational institution as meeting official requirements?
• Which term describes the state of being unable to exercise voting rights?
• Who were the formerly enslaved people who gained freedom after the Civil War?
• What term refers to the network of churches set up by the Spanish to convert Native Americans?
• Which term describes the constitutional principle that limits powers given to one person or branch of government?
• Which term refers to a change or addition to the US Constitution?
• A farming system in which farmers worked land owned by others in exchange for a share of the crop.
• Which motive describes moving debtors and England's "worthy poor" to Georgia?
• The spread of an unwanted pest into a new area is often called an invasion.
• Which entity is created by the Executive Branch to administer programs and enforce laws?
• Which crop was not part of the W.R.I.S.T. crops produced in the Georgia colony?
• What does the acronym SNCC stand for?
• To be placed in a position of power without election is to be what?
• Areas of the South controlled by the U.S. Army during Congressional Reconstruction were called?
• Which Civil War strategy aimed to defeat the Confederacy by blockading ports and controlling the Mississippi River?
• Which group consisted of three powerful Georgia politicians who dominated state politics for over two decades?
• Who remains loyal to the established ruler or government, especially during a revolt?
• Which word means to give up or release something?
• Which individual served as the founder and leader of the trustee colony of Georgia?
• Which region among these options receives the most rainfall?
• Which term means the state of being joined or united or linked?
• Industry refers to:
• Which constitutional principle divides government powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches to prevent one branch from exceeding its powers?
• Which term best fits a formal public announcement issued by an authority?
• Which term denotes the rights or privileges of citizens?
• Which branch interprets laws?
• What term describes a plan for how to spend and save money?
• Which branch enforces laws?
• Duties that all citizens have; some are mandatory like paying taxes and serving on jury, others are voluntary like voting.
• Georgia's legislative branch is bicameral and consists of which two bodies?
• Which transportation technology expanded in Georgia during the 1800s, aiding the movement of goods and people and contributing to city growth?
• Creek Indian woman who served as the translator for James Oglethorpe and Yamacraw Chief Tomochichi.
• Which word means serving as a means or influence; helpful?
• A region with farms and open land is best described as what?
• What is the term for the era after the Civil War when the United States attempted to rebuild the South and readmit Confederate states?
• What term describes an individual or organization that holds or manages and invests assets for the benefit of another?
• Which term describes the division of power between national and state governments?
• Which term describes the land distribution method that gave free land to heads of households?
• During the Civil War, a blockade primarily refers to...
• Which term describes laws restricting the civil rights of African Americans after emancipation?
• Who is the second highest office in the state's executive branch and can take over if the governor dies or leaves office?
• Which time period was Georgia governed by the trustees, with many regulations?
• In Worcester v. Georgia (1832), which Chief Justice ruled that the Cherokee Nation was sovereign and Georgia laws did not apply there?
• Which Yamacraw leader allowed James Oglethorpe to establish the colony on Yamacraw territory?
• Which land distribution method granted free land to heads of households?
• Which region receives the most rainfall among these regions?
• Which term refers to soldiers trained, armed, and equipped to fight on foot?
• Which term describes a formal statement of a political party's beliefs and goals?
• What is the term for an agreement reached by each side making concessions?
• The ending of a policy of racial segregation is best described as what?
• What term means to unite or form a connection or relation between?
• What term describes money a person earns from a job, business, or other sources?
• What term is a tax of a fixed amount per person, often linked to the right to vote?
• Formal separation from an alliance or federation
• Which term refers to a formal withdrawal from an alliance?
• Which term best describes the division of government responsibilities among different branches?
• A court case between two private parties, with no jail time and typically a fine, is best described as which type of law?
• What term describes the ability to read and write and overall knowledge?
• What term describes a person who starts and runs their own business, often taking financial risks?
• What term describes a system of government by the people, usually through elected representatives?
• Which branch interprets law?
• Which term refers to the period when Georgia was governed by the king after the trustees?
• During Reconstruction, which term described areas in the South under federal military control?
• Which term describes a skill or accomplishment that makes someone suitable for a job?
• What term means the state of being equal?
• Debt is defined as money that is:
• Northerners who moved south during Reconstruction were known as what?
• What term describes the act of depriving a person of the right to vote?
• Which region is the largest geographic region?
• Which region is the largest geographic region among the following?
• Under the trustee regime, which policy did many colonists oppose?
• Which term represents the principle that all individuals should have the same rights and privileges?
• The Bourbon Triumvirate refers to which of the following?
• What federal agency assisted Freedmen with education, employment, food, and legal assistance?
• Which term defines a government by the people through elected representatives?
• Which term means to control (something, especially a business activity) by means of rules and regulations?
• What is the act of bringing together or incorporating parts into a whole; uniting or combining?
• What term refers to a military camp, fort, or base?
• Region with the largest population in Georgia?
• Which term means a change or addition designed to improve a text or piece of legislation; an article added to the US Constitution?
• Which list represents the W.R.I.S.T. crops produced in the Georgia colony?
• What term describes money earned or collected by a person or organization?
• A right or privilege, especially a statutory one, is called what?
• Which term means a dispute, argument, or debate?
• Which region is the smallest geographic region?
• Which Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court issued the Worcester v. Georgia ruling recognizing the Cherokee Nation as a sovereign nation?
• Actions by a minor that break the law are called?
• Which document outlines the framework of the U.S. Government and its powers and limits?
• In the acronym S.A.L.M.A., which city is listed first?
• Which term describes a crime deemed more severe and punishable by more than one year in jail?
• Which term refers to an infectious disease especially of young children?
• Which term refers to the personal rights of the individual citizen, upheld by law, promoting equality in social, economic, and political rights?
• Followers of Hernando de Soto during his exploration?
• What term describes life and work among country people or in the countryside?
• Which term relates to the country, country people, life, or agriculture?
• During the Civil War era, which term referred to the Northern states and the federal government?
• Which of the following was NOT described as a policy or term in the material?
• Which term is a formal public announcement issued by an authority?
• Which term refers to the amount set aside to spend and save?
• Which branch has the power to make laws?
• What term means the action of making something public?
• Which amendment protected the right to vote regardless of race or previous condition of servitude?
• Two or more people fully in agreement
• What does Unicameral mean?
• What is the list of rights and freedoms found in both Georgia and US Constitutions?
• What term describes money a business earns after all expenses are paid?
• What term describes a group of businesses that produce the same kind of goods or services?
• What term refers to money the government collects from people and businesses through taxes, such as income or sales tax?
• Which component of the legislature is primarily responsible for reviewing proposed bills before they reach the full chamber?
• Which term best describes the separation of races in public facilities?
• In which region of the United States is Georgia located?
• Which word means formal approval of a treaty or agreement?
• Which option correctly identifies the position that serves as the chief executive in the state's government?
• Which official is the leader of a city government who enforces laws, manages city services, and may propose budgets?
• Which event was a major land scandal in 1795 involving Georgia legislators accepting bribes to sell large tracts of land at extremely low prices?
• What term describes the policy of separating races into different facilities and areas?
• What is the process by which former Confederate states were allowed back into the Union?
• What term described the people in debtor's prison whom James Oglethorpe believed could become farmers and businessmen in Georgia?
• Georgia's five historic capitals in order form the acronym S.A.L.M.A. What does this acronym stand for?
• An ironclad is a naval vessel characterized by protective iron plating.
• What term describes a contract by which one conveys real estate, equipment, or facilities for a specified term and rent?
• What term refers to hostility toward Jews as a religious, ethnic, or racial group?
• What is the Georgia state motto?
• Which term denotes a voting restriction primarily impacting Black citizens in the southern United States before the 1960s?
• A court case where the government accuses a citizen of breaking a law, with possible jail or fines, is known as which kind of law?
• What term describes a person who utilizes economic goods?
• Under Georgia law, a person who is 16 years old or younger is classified as what?
• Which entity is designed to carry out a specific service, such as running a particular utility?
• Which act authorized the forced relocation of Native American tribes living east of the Mississippi River, signed in 1830?
• Which term describes the people who hold and manage assets for the benefit of others?
• Profit is money a business earns after expenses are paid. Which option best reflects this concept?
• Which organization is a major civil rights group known for legal challenges and lobbying?
• Which part of a foundational document is the introduction stating its purpose and justification?
• The rights conceded to the states by the United States Constitution
• What does the acronym SCLC stand for?
• Which amendment prohibits slavery but does not grant voting rights?
• Which term describes the practice of spreading risk by having a variety of products and investments?
• Present-day which state was the destination of the Cherokee after removal during the Trail of Tears?
• What term describes money a person spends on needs and wants, such as food or rent?
• Which term denotes someone who remains loyal to the ruler during a rebellion?
• A system where farmers rented land and paid rent, often in cash or crops?
• Who is the elected executive of the state and the highest office in the executive branch?
• What term means to impose a tax, fee, or fine on?
• What is the term for the amount that remains when use or need is satisfied?
• Laws passed in southern states to restrict the rights and freedoms of African Americans.
• To sign or give formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement, making it officially valid is to what?
• Which term describes the social group responsible for leading Mississippian settlements?
• What term means a period of dryness that damages crops?
• The power holders in the Mississippian culture?
• Which term describes someone who supports or argues for a policy or cause?
• America's first written constitution, which had many limitations that hindered the smooth functioning of the government
• Which name was given to the series of federal programs led by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to help the nation recover from the Great Depression?
• In Civil War terminology, the term 'Union' was used to refer to?
• Which civil rights organization is abbreviated SNCC?
• A document stating the principles of a political party
• Which region receives the most rainfall?
• Government protected rights found in the US Bill of Rights and the Georgia Bill of Rights.
• What term refers to a person chosen to act and speak on behalf of a wider group?
• Which region is the largest geographic region among the following options?
• Which term describes a group or person who teams up with another?
• What term describes the reserved powers of states under the Constitution?
• Which term describes relationships and interactions between nations?
• Which term means the act of going from one place to another?
• Which term describes an agreement reached by each side making concessions?
• Which term refers to a colony or area under control of another?
• One of the 21 trustees who established Georgia; founder and leader of the trustee colony.
• Which term describes the body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or organization is governed?
• What term describes the quality of being fair and reasonable?
• What term means existing, occurring, or carried on between nations?
• What power allows the Executive branch to reject a law?
• Which term means mainly?
• Which concept was one of the three reasons for Georgia's founding, relating to mercantilism and production like wine, rice, silk, and indigo?
• Which branch enforces laws?
• Who was the governor appointed by the English monarch to run the Georgia colony?
• What term refers to a written ordinance of a legislative body, such as Congress, or a statute?
• A group of colonists who complained about the trustee regulations for the Georgia colony; primary complaint was the ban on slavery and rum.
• Which term describes the constitutional principle that prevents the concentration of power by sharing duties across branches?
• Which commuter rail line serves the city of Atlanta?
• Which early American framework created a loose union of states and had a weak central government?
• In which year did the Yazoo Land Fraud occur?
• Which term describes a legislature with two chambers?
• Which term best describes the protection of equal rights under the law?
• Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?
• Who was the Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation who resisted removal and fought to protect Cherokee land rights?
• Someone who flees from an uncongenial situation
• Which term describes actions by a minor that are against rules for kids but not necessarily crimes for adults?
• What word means to support or argue for a cause?
• To examine and make corrections or alterations to written or printed matter
• The Freedmen's Bureau primarily offered which services?
• What term refers to the customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation, people, or other social group?
• Which of the following events occurred most recently?
• Which group held political power in Mississippian society?
• Which city was the first capital of Georgia?
• What two hemispheres is Georgia located in?
• What term describes government units created for a specific task or service, like running schools or water systems?
• An accommodation in which both sides make concessions
• Textile and carpet industries in Georgia are found in which region?
• Identify Georgia's three signers of the Declaration of Independence.
• A member of the House of Representatives is called what?
• In Georgia, textile and carpet industries are found in which region?
• Which event is associated with the forced removal of the Cherokee and is also known as the Trail of Tears?
• What nation is Georgia a part of?
• Which invention by Eli Whitney in 1793 separated cotton fibers from seeds, increasing production and the demand for enslaved labor?
• The Treaty of Indian Springs (1825) involved Creek Chief William McIntosh selling the remaining Creek land in Georgia; he was executed by his people for signing against tribal law. Which treaty is this?
• Which word means 'unable to be endured'?
• Where does most of the work in the legislative branch occur, driving the bill's path toward becoming law?
• Which term describes the abolition of a system of segregation in the United States?
• Which invention increased cotton production and contributed to the demand for enslaved labor?
• What continent is Georgia located on?
• Which term describes a person or thing that receives help or an advantage from something?
• What is another term for corn?
• Which motive describes bringing debtors and England's "worthy poor" to Georgia?
• An entrepreneur is someone who:
• Which term describes a legislature with one chamber?
• Who is a member of the House of Representatives?
• Was the Chief of the Yamacraw Indians. Tomochichi befriended James Oglethorpe and allowed him to establish the colony on Yamacraw territory.
• Which amendment defines citizenship and guarantees equal protection under the law?
• Which type of earthworks are the Mississippian people particularly known for constructing?
• Which system used by Georgia distributed land by random drawings from 1805 to 1833?
• Which system allows each branch to amend, override, or veto acts of another to prevent any one branch from exerting too much power?
• If a region is described as predominantly agricultural, which term best fits 'mainly'?
• Which organization operates the Atlanta rapid transit system?
• What term describes money the government collects from sources other than taxes, such as fees or fines?
• Which term means forming or belonging to a continent?
• A group of Protestants from Austria who were invited to settle in Georgia due to religious persecution.
• A member of the Senate is called what?
• What is the term for the act of going from one country, region, or place to another?
• Which term describes the system of government with multiple branches and checks on power?
• Which civil rights organization was described as planned rallies, marches, and boycotts, and supported by southern religious leaders?
• What is the action of eliminating racial segregation?
• Which term best matches 'a group of conspirators banded together'?
• Which political system allows one branch to veto or amend the actions of another to prevent any branch from having too much power?
• Which treaty led to the Creek Nation ceding remaining lands in Georgia in 1825?
• Which insect larva fed on cotton crops and decimated cotton production in the southeastern United States?
• Which event is associated with revising the Articles of Confederation?
• Which term describes the policy program named to recover from the Great Depression?
• Which term describes money a person earns from work or business?
• Which written document outlines the U.S. Government?
• What term refers to a party primary in a southern state open to white voters only?
• The discovery of gold in 1828 in north Georgia intensified pressure to remove the Cherokee. Which event is this?
• Which term means the act of making something public or clear?
• What was the first capital of Georgia, founded in 1733 by James Oglethorpe?
• Which region receives the most rainfall?
• What is the name of the failed attempt by the French and Americans to recapture Savannah during the American Revolution?
• Southern whites who supported Reconstruction and worked with the Republican Party were known as?
• What term describes a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that country?
• A person who strives to appeal to ordinary people who feel their concerns are disregarded by elites is described as what?
• The work force in the Mississippian culture?
• What term describes the practice of manufacturing a variety of products and investing in a variety of securities so that a failure in one area won't be disastrous?
• Which term describes a formal declaration of separation from a country to form a new nation?
• Which branch is responsible for putting state agencies in place to administer programs and enforce laws?
• Which region is considered the smallest geographic region?
• Which term refers to a formal agreement between countries?
• What is the purpose of checks and balances?
• Which term describes a crime deemed less significant and not punishable by more than one year in jail?
• Which Reconstruction plan placed the South under military rule and required stronger protections for African Americans?
• A sustained fight between large organized armed forces is called?
• The person who benefits from a government program is called what?
• Who was the Spanish conquistador who led the expedition through the Southeastern United States and is credited as the first European in Georgia?
• Which elected official helps govern a county by making decisions about laws, budgets, and services such as roads and public safety?
• The term Maize is another name for which staple crop?
• The Mississippian culture flourished roughly from 800 C.E. to 1600 C.E. Which statement is true?
• What is the term for an official statement of a complaint about something believed to be wrong?
• Which region is the smallest geographic region among the options?
• What term describes acts passed by the legislative branch and approved by the executive branch?
• Which term denotes hostility toward or discrimination against Jews as a religious, ethnic, or racial group?
• Textile and carpet industries in Georgia are located in which region?
• What is the first state-chartered university in the United States, founded in 1785?
• What term means a violent public disorder?
• Which economic policy focused on exporting more than importing?
• From the Highlands of Scotland and known as some of the best fighters in Europe in the 1700s. They founded the town of Darien.
• What term describes money that is saved and not spent, typically for future use?
• Which term describes a forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system?
• Which term refers to the royal period in Georgia beginning in 1752 after the trustees gave authority of the colony to the king?
• Which term refers to the process of bringing together or combining into a whole?
• What are walls built of interwoven sticks and covered with mud or clay called?
• What term describes a skill or accomplishment that makes someone suitable for a job?
• Which infectious disease led to the deaths of many Native Americans during Spanish contact?
• What is a formally concluded and ratified agreement between countries called?